The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Zinc Intake and Academic Achievement Among Junior High School Students

Aghniya Intan Ridhoputrie; Mohammad  Shoim Dasuki

doi:10.59141/-.v8i2.526

Authors

Aghniya Intan Ridhoputrie Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Mohammad Shoim Dasuki Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59141/-.v8i2.526

Keywords:

Self-efficacy, Zinc Intake, Academic Achievemen, Junior High School Students

Abstract

Academic achievement among junior high school students is influenced by various internal factors, particularly psychological factors such as self-efficacy and physiological factors such as adequate zinc intake, both of which play important roles in learning motivation and cognitive function. This study aimed to analyze the association between self-efficacy and zinc intake and academic achievement among junior high school students. This quantitative observational analytic study employed a case-control design and was conducted among eighth-grade students at SMP in PK Surakarta from October to December 2025. A total of 94 students were selected using purposive sampling. Self-efficacy was measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), zinc intake was assessed using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), and academic achievement was determined based on Mid-Semester Summative Assessment scores. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression. Low self-efficacy was associated with poor academic achievement (p = 0.032; OR = 2.567; 95% CI: 1.075–6.131), while low zinc intake showed a stronger association with poor academic achievement (p < 0.001; OR = 9.103; 95% CI: 2.456–33.708). In multivariate analysis, both zinc intake and self-efficacy were significantly associated with academic achievement. Zinc intake and self-efficacy were associated with academic achievement among junior high school students.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adi, P. S., & Murti, H. A. S. (2025). The effect of academic self-efficacy on academic success in S1 students of Satya Wacana Salatiga Christian University. Journal of Education and Social Sciences Management, 6(3), 2397–2405. https://doi.org/10.38035/jmpis.v6i3

Anam, A. M. K., & Surawan. (2025). Low self-efficacy: Implications for student academic achievement according to Bandura’s social cognitive theory. Educational Scholars, 16(6), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.9644/sindoro.v3i9.252

Anggraini, A. D. N., Anshory, J., & Satriani. (2023). The relationship between zinc, calcium and family socioeconomic intake with the learning achievement of students aged 13–15 years at Nabil Husein Samarinda Junior High School. E-Journal of Widya Kesehatan, 5(1), 41–49.

Apprey, C., Asamoah-Boakye, O., Annaful, V. T., & Annan, R. A. (2022). Comparative analysis of methyl-donor nutrient intakes and RCPM cognitive performance among school-aged children. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 52, 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.10.005

Azhar, M. A., Suhendri, & Farikha. (2022). The relationship of self-efficacy to interpersonal communication skills of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 01 Ketanggungan, Brebes Regency. G-COUNS: Journal of Counseling and Guidance, 6(2), 276–285.

Flora, R., Fajar, N. A., Febry, F., Yuliana, I., Yuliarti, Nurlaili, Ikhsan, S., Tanjung, R., Aguscik, Appulembang, Y. A., & Zulkarnain, M. (2021). Zinc intake, zinc serum levels, and intelligence in school children in rural areas. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9, 394–397. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5869

Gustina, I., & Rahayu, W. D. (2020). Factors affecting the learning achievement of students of the Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Riau. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 9(2), 1–11.

Hasanah, R. S., Sholihin, H., & Nugraha, I. (2021). An investigation of junior high school students’ science self-efficacy and its correlation with their science achievement in different school systems. Journal of Science Learning, 4(2), 192–202. https://doi.org/10.17509/jsl.v4i2.27275

Indirwan, Suarni, W., & Priyatmo, D. (2021). The importance of self-efficacy to mathematics learning achievement. Journal of Sublimapsi, 2(1), 61–70.

Indraswari, D. A. R., Padmiari, I. A. E., & Suarjana, I. M. (2024). Consumption of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) and hemoglobin levels in State High School students 1 Gianyar. Journal of Nutrition Science, 13(2), 86–93.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2019). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 28 Tahun 2019 tentang angka kecukupan gizi yang dianjurkan untuk masyarakat Indonesia. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/108463/permenkes-no-28-tahun-2019

Maharani, D., Sumiati, A., & Zulaihati, S. (2025). The effect of self-efficacy, learning motivation, and learning facilities on the learning outcomes of Central Jakarta State Vocational School students. Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal, 1(5), 2643–2651. https://doi.org/10.63822/gb0hpf32

Munira, R., Fonna, T., Nadia, S., & Marsitah, I. (2024). The influence of the learning environment on the academic achievement of students at Almuslim University. Journal of Elementary School Teacher Education, 1(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.47134/pgsd.v1i4.770

Mustoip, S., Fazalani, R., Faruqi, D., Andraini, N., Sundari, Tanaka, A., Sarfiah, Sumiati, U., Pramana, I. B. B. S. A., & Rifai, A. B. (2023). Educational psychology. HDF Publishing.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2023). PISA 2022 results: Factsheets – Indonesia. https://www.oecd.org/pisa

Patil, R., Sontakke, T., Biradar, A., & Nalage, D. (2023). Zinc: An essential trace element for human health and beyond. Food and Health, 5(3), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.53388/fh2023013

Putri, A. S., Junaidi, & Baidowi. (2024). The effect of self-efficacy and creative thinking ability on mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 5 Mataram for the 2023/2024 academic year. Scientific Journal of Basic Education, 9(3), 221–235.

Rachmayanie, R., & Makaria, C. (2021). Increasing academic self-efficacy through group guidance in class VIII students of SMP Negeri 25 Banjarmasin. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 536, 216–222.

Sudiarmanto, A. R., & Sumarmi, S. (2020). The relationship between calcium and zinc intake and the incidence of stunting in female junior high school students of Bina Insani Surabaya. Media Gizi Kesmas, 9(1), 1–9.

Talsma, K., Schüz, B., & Norris, K. (2019). Miscalibration of self-efficacy and academic performance: Self-efficacy ≠ self-fulfilling prophecy. Learning and Individual Differences, 69, 182–195.

Widiani, N. K. A. S., Mayangsari, A. S. M., Witarini, K. A., & Pratiwi, I. G. A. P. E. (2024). The relationship between nutritional status, iron and zinc intake and learning achievement in young women at Santo Joseph Junior High School. Udayana Medical Journal, 13(2), 1–24.

Yuniarty, S., Ramadhan, R., & Fitlya, R. (2023). The relationship between learning motivation and learning achievement in SMP Negeri 22 Pontianak students. Journal of Mandala Psychology, 7(1), 1–14.